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Grammar Lesson 5

Asking Whose in Russian? The Possessive Pronouns его, её, их, наш, ваш




Russian grammar and vocabulary. Unit 2
Grammar Lesson 5
Asking Whose in Russian? The Possessive Pronouns его, её, их, наш, ваш
Grammar Lesson 6
Asking What and Who? Nominative case. Asking Where? Prepositional case
Phrasebook Topic 5
Family
Phrasebook Topic 6
At the Airport
Quiz 6
Check what you have learned from Grammar Lessons 5-6 and Phrasebook Topics 5-6 with this 10 minute quiz.
Grammar Lesson 7
What is an Adjective? Nominative Case of Adjectives
Grammar Lesson 8
Demonstrative Pronouns этот and тот. Indeclinable это vs. Demonstrative pronouns этот (эта, это, эти)
Phrasebook Topic 7
Clothes
Phrasebook Topic 8
Learn numbers 1-20 in Russian
Quiz 7
Check what you have learned from Grammar Lessons 7-8 and Phrasebook Topic 7 with this 10 minute quiz.
Test 2
Check what you have learned from Grammar Lessons 5-8 and Phrasebook Topics 5-8.

 Грамматика                                                 Possessive Pronouns

 
1. Asking Whose?
Study the following dialogues. Note what Russian pronouns correspond to English whose and my. Click each statement to listen, then read aloud.

1. - Чей это карандаш? 

    - Это мой карандаш.

1.

     -  Whose pencil is this?

     -  This is my pencil.

2. - Чья это книга? 

    - Это моя книга.

2.

     -  Whose book is this?
     -  This is my book.

3. - Чьё это письмо? 

    - Это моё письмо.

3.

     -  Whose letter is this?
     -  This is my letter.

4. - Чьи это книги?

    - Это мои книги.

4.

     -  Whose books are these?
     -  These are my books.
 

As you can see, Russian has four different forms for English whose and my. That is because Russian possessive pronouns мой (my), твой (your, yours - sing.), наш (our, ours), ваш (your, yours - pl.) and interrogative pronoun чей? (whose?) agree with the nouns they modify in gender and number. That means:

  • мой, твой, наш, ваш are used to modify masculine nouns;
  • моя, твоя, наша, ваша are used to modify feminine nouns;
  • моё, твоё, наше, ваше are used to modify neuter nouns;
  • мои, твои, наши, ваши are used to modify plural nouns.

 

2. The Possessive Pronouns его, её, их.
Study the following dialogues. Note what Russian pronouns correspond to English his. Click each statement to listen, then read aloud. 

1. - Чей это карандаш? 

    - Это его карандаш.

     -  Whose pencil is this?

     -  This is his pencil.

2. - Чья это книга? 

    - Это его книга.

     -  Whose book is this?
     -  This is his book.

3. - Чьё это письмо? 

    - Это его письмо.

     -  Whose letter is this?
     -  This is his letter.

4. - Чьи это книги?

    - Это его книги.

 

 

 

*Note the pronunciation of его - [йиво]!

     -  Whose books are these?
     -  These are his books.

Unlike the pronouns мой, твой, наш, ваш, the pronouns его* (his, it's), её (her; hers, it's), их (their; theirs) never change their form, no matter what noun they modify (masculine, feminine, neuter, or plural). 

Study the usage of the pronouns его, её, их:

 
  • студент (он) - это его карандаш, его книга, его письмо, его карандаши, книги, письма;
  • студентка (она) - это её карандаш, её книга, её письмо, её карандаши, книги, письма;
  • студенты (они) - это их карандаш, их книга, их письмо, их карандаши, книги, письма.
The chart below lists all possessive pronouns:
whose my your(s) our(s) your(s) his her their Noun

Masculine

Feminine

Neuter

Plural

чей?
чья?
чьё?
чьи?

мой
моя
моё
мои 

твой
твоя
твоё
твои 

наш

наша

наше

наши

ваш

ваша

ваше

ваши

 

его

 

 

её

 

 

их

 

карандаш
книга
письмо
книги 

3. The Possessive Pronoun Ваш, ваш.
The possessive pronoun ваш (ваша, ваше, ваши) is used the same way as the personal pronoun вы to address more then one person or one person on formal/polite terms (in that case Ваш, Ваша, Ваше, Ваши is capitalized). Compare:

1. - Таня, Оля, это ваша кошка?

-  Tanya, Olya, is that your cat?

2. - Иван Петрович, это Ваша книга?

-  Ivan Petrovich, is that your book?

3. - Анна Петровна, это Ваши дети?

-  Anna Petrovna, are these your children?

*Петрович, Петровна -  patronymic names

Exercises  Упражнения
Practise using Possessive Pronouns мой, твой, наш, ваш
Practise using Possessive Pronouns его, её, их
Practise using Possessive Pronouns мой, твой, наш, ваш, его, её, их
Translate into Russian
 

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